Internal-combustion engine



.' s. 4lamp-1' INTERNAL coMBUsTloN- 'ENGINE Patented Oct. 4, '1927. l

SAMUEL ELIoT, or MANCHESTER, MASSACHUSETTS. f

' INTERNAL-COMBUSTTON ENGNEJ y A I Application yfiled July 2,

This invention relates to internal combustion engines and is especially'concerned with engines ofthe two-cycle type. It is thegeneral object of the invention to devise an engineofthis character. which will'combine in a substantial 'measure the advantages of a four-cycle engine with those y of a twocycle engine. In other words, the invention aims to devisey an engine which will operate on the two-cycleV principle and therefore have the high ratio between power and weight which these engines possess, while also having the superior scavenging, smooth operation, 'engines. Important features of the invention involve especially ,theH mechanismfor supplying the fuel mixture to the cylinders and` yimprovements in the valve mechanism for engines of. this type. f

The nature ofthe-invention will be readily understood from the following description when lread in connectionwith the accompanying drawings, and the novel features will be particularly pointed out in the appended claims. 'e f Referring now to the drawings, Figure l' is a, plan view of an engine const ructedV in accordance with thepresent invention; f .v

VFig. 2 is a view, partly 4 inside elevation and partly Vin vertical cross section, of thev engine shownin Fig. l; V Y' j Fig. 3 isan end elevation of the' engine shown in Fig. l, certain parts, however, beingbroken away;l

Fig. 4 is an enlargedplan view, part ly in cross section, of the charge providing mechanism rof ythe engine shown in Figs.y l to 3;and i 1 Fig. 5 is a vertical cross sectional view oi f the Vparts shown in Fig. 4.

The engine shown is of the two-Cycle, twocylinder typefand Ycomprises two cylinders designated at 2 and 3, respectively, mounte`d on a base 4f. Pistons 6 and7 are fitted in the cylinders 2 and 3, respectively, and are connected Vin the usual vmanner with the crank shaft V8, which is supportedin'the base.

The cylinders are cooled inany convenient manner., v

:The cylinders are provid-ed `with removand reliability of lfour-cycle ie'a'if" s-eiriai N o. 432,11@

able 'cylindery head Vwhich contains'or supports vthe chargeV providing mechanism -and the vali/es. The cylinder 3 is provided withl anlinlet valve l0 and an exhaust 'valve '12,11

begli these valves being of the poppet` type an ground into their seats in the usual man-- ner'. rl `he inlet valve l0 is normallyfhel'dvin itsclosedposition by a relatively lighty spring l 4 which encircles the valve stem'andf bears against a. waslierwhich is-backed up a nut 15 threaded on to the'stem` so that the pressure of the spring can 'bev readily adjusted. The cylinder 2 is provided with Vcorrespectively.

responding valves 4designated-jat l0 and-12',l

, ThvePOts vcontrolled.bythe-valveslOand .i

1Q openiiitol opposite sides-Jota semi-ci'rcular casing or chamber lr6 'which is- -formed integrallwith o'r'secured rigidly to the cylinderv head. "An oscillating vane or 'plate V17 lits snugly vvithin the walls of. this'chamber and is secured asttoashaft l8ftliat''projects across thecylinderl :head 'and has a pinion 19 Vsecured -fast thereto, the shaft being support-ed iii suitable' bearings to Oscillate back and Vforth through an arc of nearly 180o. 'This oscillating "movement 'is' .produced by a` rack 2O guided vertically in the vengine i'raine and driven by yan 'eccentric strap '22, Fig. 3, which 'isoperated by n an eccentric 23 mounted fast on thecam shaftl 241 of"- the engine. f This camshaft is driven through agear connection 25,"Fi'gsf`2aiidj,A

with the crankshaft 8. The 'connections just described thus swing the. plate 17 back and forth from one' liniitof its stroke`r to another in a definite time relationshipfto the i rotation of the crank shaft' 8.

' YVA ,carburetor which may be of any `suitable type is connected to one sideof the,

cylinder` headfat'28, Figs. L.Land 5, and this head is provided withdivergiiigl passages 29 and 30 which lead fromy the 4carburetor to' points directly under opposite sides"oi'"`the floor of the chamber 1 6. Communication'between these passages and the chamber'is controlledby valves 3l and 32, respectively, ""'l each held inits seat by 'a light-spring'f hich can be adjusted 'inthe same vmanner that the spring 14C is adjusted.

' It will now be evident that fwhen 'theplate ,A

vto 'Y v :that a very completek scavenging lis obtained i the' carburetor' through chamber' 16,' the 'pressure A of the tuel mixture. As V-soonas ,l'or before,

V17 swings in thedirection indicated by the arrow in Fig. 5, it will draw a charge from the passage 3() and valve V32 into Vthe right-hand side of the spring y33 ,yielding under the. plate I7 startsy vto4 swing y1n the opposite direction, the valve l A32 will be closed spring 33 and the.H 10

Will compress the charge plate consequently.

kvpreviouslydravvn into the cham-berand will l .produce ample pressure to unseat the valve 'i `l0 and'force-'this charge into'the' in the rsame manner as such kley a. strong` depressedby a.v rocker arm 36 mounted on af carrying a. mushroom cylinder :The lexhaust valves l2'andl2 arelof the usual Vtypeznd. lare moimtedandf operated ated in: theordinary overhead valve motors, That`is, thev valvel2 isV normally held mits spiral spring, and it is shaft landoperated by a thrust rod 38 that.k runs on va cam 39 vfast on the Ycani shaft 24.1 The other I ton continues .1 .cemresses thefcharge .which has justbee'n l 'fcloses jnstbefore the pressure in the'cylinder valve '12 is operatedinthe same manner.V

Assuming that the piston.` 7. in the cylinder rtsfpovver `strole, the the. exhaustvalve l2 scavenging` /l'iile `roke is: j proceeding the i opens and f the .thisL scavenging S fuel mixture' charge. in

nishing its 'scavellgkllg `Stroke.' they inlet valve''lt): is opemdbyl the. pressure of lthe Y "ewa-S i Y, l pressure of the spring 14 and the pressu'refof the/fburntgasesin y' Y the"valvethus completingy the. scavenging.

behind itiovercomine the combined lthe cylinder A fresh charge immediately Vbegins to ovv through l l i` valve 121s closed While ythe pis- 'its upward strokeV and thus admitted to) the.y cylinder. The valve 110.

ilalsltheipressure -in the; provider chamber is; The, charge than' is.' area by 1.2mv ignition system of anysuitable 'two-cycle; principle,

the povver' stroke ytakes placea'nd the operations .just described are repeated. 'The same operations off course l Vin ane jthe'location off .the provider and i ci ingof fthe fair and 5 f take place in the other Acylinder 2"the .power` strokesin the twocylinders 'alternat- 'i ,inf the usualmaimer.

Y twill new Vhe appreciated. that the 'inve-n1.

provides many' of the `disa vantages of the prior vtwo-V cycle'eng;.n.es.'v vIt tvillfalsol be appreciated ngine of thisconstructioman'd that of operation .produces avery complete mix'- vfuelv vapors before they valves are. oper-' While the.l piston is type vbut timed on v the f an engine. operating on the `.trim-cycle princi yle fbutwvvhi'ch overcomes its method! are introduced`into thecylinde'r and thusV materially improves the :condition lof the charge. In otherv Words; it produces supe-l rior carburetion. y l ylt Willbe observed that an enginefof the construction `herein disclosed ylends itself lparticularly Well to theiiame'type' ofV ignition system in Which the flame is admitted from. one cylindermtoanother to fire the charge. y

fundamental features ofthe pr-esent inven- 'tionr in the best form Which l have so Vfar devise`dbut it shouldbe understood that this disclosure is, made ratl'ije'r lby VWay'fojf illus tration than. limitation, and that. Yinvenlierein made sets forth the tion may bey embodiedfinmany forms and designs differing substantially in VVdetails of' the design herein illus-f' construction .f'roinfy trated.' l

Vthat is Vclaimed as new is;

l. An internal` combustionfofitlietwo-cycle type having '.means secured to the engine cylinder for supplying affuel2 ture under pressure tov said` `cylinder, said" means including an oscillating pjlateq for cre` ating said'pressure.,

two-cycle vmarinetype havingl a carburetor,

2; An internal combustion of Vthe' a mixing chamber on the cylinder headhavling connections at'opposite sides/thereof 1 .with "saidcarburetor, saidfconnections-fin-'l e cluding check valves preventing the flow: off fuelinixture, vronitheA chamber'to the'can f.

buretor but permitting flow in-"the opV posite direction, a devicemounted to swing backward' 'and forwardi-nfs'ai'd chamber to draw a charge' from the carburetor Vinto one side" of the chamber and simi-'ltaneouslly'gto "7 compress'the charge inthe opposite side of said chamber, vsite sides Iof said cylinders through inlet valves for admitting' the compressed' charge toftlfie engine cylin- 1l?. ders, and VAmechanism driven jfroni'. the `crank shaft of the, engi-ne andindependent o-ffthe engine pistons lfor operating'said'device' 3. An internal*comlfiu sti'onv engine of the two-cycle marine type an inletspert '1 i operatedvalvev for opening 4and'closing*said Y in tliejupper partjof 'eaclicylinc'lfe a spring port, a port opens, chamber, a

fuel mixing chamber-into Wliiehfs'aid a Vcarburetor connected y ivith Asaid connectionsgbetween the oppochamber" the-*engine iic pivoted operativeiin said chamber to draw a charge of*v fuel mixture fr'oni said Vcarbureter and*compress it to a point `causing vit tofopen A said I valve, exfhaust valve in each cylinder, Vand kconnec-V tion-s for yutilizing the powejrof the cran-lr shaft. to operatel said said Y'e shan-'st' 4; An' internal 'coni-bust-ienV V@ifi-the l tWo-cyc'lemarine typehaving'aninle't vpor-t f inthe'upper partV of each cylinder, airspring 7 operated yvalve for opening and el )singV said port, a charge provider mounted on the ovl-` inder head and having a fuel mixing chambernto which said port opens, a carburetor connected with said chamber, a swinging device operative 1n said chamber to draw a ycharge of fuel mixture from said carburetor and compress it to a point causing it to open the crank shaft to operate said device, and 10 additional connections with said crank shaft .l for operating said exhaust valve. Y

SAMUELI ELIOT. 

